A passport is a travel document, usually issued by a country’s government, that certifies the identity and nationality of its holder primarily for the purpose of international travel.[1] Standard passports may contain information such as the holder’s name, place and date of birth, photograph, signature, and other identifying information. Many countries are moving towards including biometric information in a microchip embedded in the passport, making them machine-readable and difficult to counterfeit.[1] As of January 2019[update], there are over 150 jurisdictions issuing these e-Passports.[2] Previously issued passports usually remain valid until each expires.

A passport holder is normally entitled to enter the country that issued the passport, though some people entitled to a passport may not be full citizens with right of abode. A passport does not of itself create any rights in the country being visited or obligate the issue country in any way, such as providing consular assistance. Some passports attest to status as a diplomat or other official, entitled to rights and privileges such as immunity from arrest or prosecution.[1]

Shefa-ʻAmr, also Shfar’am (Arabic: شفاعمرو‎, Šafā ʻAmr, Hebrew: שְׁפַרְעָם, Šəfarʻam) is an Arab city in the Northern District of Israel. In 2017 it had a population of 41,024,[1] with a Sunni Muslim majority alongside large Christian Arab and Druze minorities.[2]

Palmer writes that the name meant: “The margin or edge of ‘Amr. Locally and erroneously supposed to mean the healing of ‘Amer (ed Dhaher)”[3]